Choyesera kuuma kwa Vickers chimagwiritsa ntchito diamondi indenter, yomwe imakanikizidwa pamwamba pa chitsanzocho pansi pa mphamvu inayake yoyesera. Tulutsani mphamvu yoyesera mutasunga nthawi yoikika ndikuyesa kutalika kwa diagonal kwa indentation, kenako mtengo wa kuuma kwa Vickers (HV) umawerengedwa motsatira fomula.
Zotsatira za kukanikiza mutu pansi
- Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yoyesera: Njira yokanikiza mutu pansi ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri posamutsa mphamvu yoyesera yokhazikika (monga 1kgf, 10kgf, ndi zina zotero) pamwamba pa chinthu choyesedwa kudzera mu indenter.
- Kupanga kabowo: Kupanikizika kumapangitsa kuti kabowo kasiye kabowo kooneka bwino ka diamondi pamwamba pa chinthucho, ndipo kuuma kwake kumawerengedwa poyesa kutalika kwa kabowo kozungulira.
Ntchitoyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyesa kuuma kwa zitsulo, mapepala opyapyala, zokutira, ndi zina zotero, chifukwa ili ndi mphamvu zambiri zoyesera komanso kupendekeka pang'ono, komwe ndikoyenera kuyeza molondola.
Monga kapangidwe kofala ka Vickers hardness tester (kosiyana ndi mtundu wa workbench rising), ubwino wa "kukanikiza mutu pansi" ndi zomveka za njira yogwirira ntchito ndi kapangidwe ka makina, tsatanetsatane motere,
1. Ntchito yabwino kwambiri, kutsatira zizolowezi za makina a anthu
Mu kapangidwe ka kukanikiza mutu pansi, wogwiritsa ntchito amatha kuyika chitsanzocho mwachindunji pa benchi yogwirira ntchito yokhazikika, ndikumaliza kukhudzana ndi kukweza kwa indenter ndi mutu pansi, popanda kusintha pafupipafupi kutalika kwa benchi yogwirira ntchito. Njira yogwirira ntchito iyi "yochokera pamwamba" ndiyoyenera kwambiri machitidwe achizolowezi ogwirira ntchito, makamaka abwino kwa oyamba kumene, imatha kuchepetsa njira zotopetsa zoyika zitsanzo ndi kuzilinganiza, kuchepetsa zolakwika pakugwira ntchito kwa anthu.
2. Kukhazikika kwamphamvu kwa katundu, kulondola kwambiri kwa muyeso
Kapangidwe ka kukanikiza mutu pansi nthawi zambiri kamagwiritsa ntchito njira yolimba kwambiri yokwezera katundu (monga ndodo zolunjika bwino ndi zitsulo zowongolera). Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yoyesera, kuyima ndi liwiro lokwezera katundu wa indenter kumakhala kosavuta kuwongolera, zomwe zingathandize kuchepetsa kugwedezeka kwa makina kapena kusokoneza. Pazinthu zolondola monga mapepala opyapyala, zokutira, ndi zigawo zazing'ono, kukhazikika kumeneku kumatha kupewa kusintha kwa indentation komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kutsika kosakhazikika kwa katundu ndikuwonjezera kwambiri kulondola kwa muyeso.
3. Kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa zitsanzo
Pa zitsanzo zazikulu, mawonekedwe osasinthasintha kapena zolemera kwambiri, kapangidwe ka mutu-pansi sikufuna kuti benchi yogwirira ntchito ikhale ndi zoletsa zolemetsa kapena kutalika kwambiri (benchi yogwirira ntchito ikhoza kukonzedwa), ndipo imangofunika kuonetsetsa kuti chitsanzocho chikhoza kuyikidwa pa benchi yogwirira ntchito, yomwe ndi "yololera" kwambiri ku chitsanzocho. Kapangidwe ka benchi yogwirira ntchito yokwera kangakhale kochepa chifukwa cha kunyamula katundu ndi kunyamula katundu kwa benchi yogwirira ntchito, kotero zimakhala zovuta kusintha kuti zikhale zazikulu kapena zolemera.
4. Kubwerezabwereza bwino muyeso
Njira yokhazikika yokwezera zinthu komanso njira yosavuta yogwirira ntchito ingachepetse cholakwika chomwe chimachitika chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa magwiridwe antchito a anthu (monga kusinthasintha kwa magwiritsidwe ntchito pamene benchi logwirira ntchito likukweza). Mukayesa chitsanzo chomwecho kangapo, momwe kulumikizana pakati pa indenter ndi zitsanzo kumakhala kofanana, kubwerezabwereza kwa deta kumakhala bwino, ndipo kudalirika kwa zotsatira kumakhala kwakukulu.
Pomaliza, choyesera kuuma kwa Vickers chokhala ndi mutu-down chili ndi ubwino wambiri pakusavuta, kukhazikika, komanso kusinthasintha mwa kukonza bwino njira yogwirira ntchito ndi kapangidwe ka makina, ndipo ndi choyenera kwambiri poyesa zinthu molondola, kuyesa zitsanzo zamitundu yambiri kapena zochitika zoyesera pafupipafupi.
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-16-2025
