Njira Yoyesera Makina a Nsapato za Brake za Cast Iron zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu Rolling Stock (Brake Shoe Selection of Hardness Tester)

Kusankha zida zoyesera makina za nsapato zachitsulo chopangidwa ndi chitsulo kuyenera kutsatira muyezo uwu: ICS 45.060.20. Muyezo uwu umanena kuti kuyesa kwa katundu wa makina kumagawidwa m'magawo awiri:

1. Mayeso Olimba

Izi ziyenera kuchitika motsatira zomwe zili mu ISO 6892-1:2019. Miyeso ndi ubwino wa zitsanzo zokoka ziyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za ISO 185:2005.

2. Njira Yoyesera Kuuma

Iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito motsatira ISO 6506-1:2014. Zitsanzo za kuuma ziyenera kudulidwa kuchokera pansi pa bala loyesera lopangidwa mosiyana; ngati palibe bala loyesera, nsapato imodzi ya brake iyenera kutengedwa, 6mm - 10mm iyenera kukonzedwa kuchokera kumbali yake, ndipo kuuma kuyenera kuyezedwa pa mfundo zinayi zoyesera, ndipo mtengo wapakati ukhale zotsatira za mayeso.

Maziko a Njira Yoyesera Kuuma

ISO 6506-1:2014 muyezo “Zinthu Zachitsulo – Mayeso Olimba a Brinell – Gawo 1: Njira Yoyesera” imafotokoza mfundo, zizindikiro ndi mafotokozedwe, zida zoyesera, zitsanzo, njira zoyesera, kusatsimikizika kwa zotsatira ndi lipoti loyesa mayeso a kuuma kwa Brinell pazinthu zachitsulo.

2.1 Kusankha Zida Zoyesera: Brinell Hardness Tester (Yoyenera Choyamba)

Ubwino: Malo opindika ndi akulu, omwe angasonyeze kuuma konse kwa chitsulo choponyedwa (chitsulo choponyedwa chingakhale ndi kapangidwe kosagwirizana), ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zowonekera bwino.

Ndi yoyenera chitsulo cholimba chapakati ndi chotsika (HB 80 - 450), chomwe chimaphimba kuuma kwa nsapato zachitsulo cholimba.

Ntchitoyi ndi yosavuta, ndipo kufunikira kwa pamwamba pa chitsanzocho n'kochepa (nthawi zambiri Ra 1.6 - 6.3μm ndi kokwanira).

2.2 Mfundo Yoyesera Kuuma kwa Brinell

Mfundoyi ingathe kufotokozedwa motere: Mpira wolimba (kapena mpira wachitsulo wozimitsidwa) wokhala ndi mainchesi a 10mm umakanikizidwa pamwamba pa chitsanzocho pansi pa mphamvu inayake yoyesera (monga 3000kgf). Pambuyo poyesa mainchesi a indentation, mtengo wovuta (HBW) umawerengedwa kuti uwonetse kuthekera kwa chinthucho kukana kusintha kwa pulasitiki. Ubwino wake waukulu uli mu kuwonetsera kwamphamvu kwa zotsatira zake, komwe kungawonetse mawonekedwe a kuuma kwa chinthucho. Ndi njira yakale yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyesa magwiridwe antchito a zinthu zachitsulo.

2.3 Zizindikiro ndi Mafotokozedwe a Mtengo wa Kuuma kwa Brinell

Tanthauzo lalikulu la Brinell hardness value (HBW) ndi: chiŵerengero cha mphamvu yoyesera (F) ku malo opindika (A), ndi unit ya MPa (koma nthawi zambiri unit siimalembedwa, ndipo ndi nambala yokha yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito). Fomula yowerengera ndi iyi: HBW=πD(D−D2−d2​)2×0.102×F
Kumene:

F ndi mphamvu yoyesera (gawo: N);

D ndi m'mimba mwake wa indenter (yuniti: mm);

d ndi avareji ya m'mimba mwake wa indentation (yuniti: mm);

Coefficient “0.102″ ndi chinthu chosinthira chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kusintha mphamvu yoyesera kuchokera ku kgf kupita ku N (ngati yawerengedwa mwachindunji mu N, fomulayo ikhoza kusinthidwa mosavuta).

Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera ku njira yoti pansi pa mphamvu yoyesera yomweyo ndi mainchesi ofanana, mainchesi a indentation ang'onoang'ono, mphamvu ya chipangizocho yolimbana ndi kusintha kwa pulasitiki imakhala yolimba, ndipo Brinell imakhala yolimba; Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kuuma kwake kumakhala kotsika.

Malinga ndi mawonekedwe a nsapato zachitsulo chosungunuka (chitsulo chosungunuka), magawo a mayeso a kuuma kwa Brinell nthawi zambiri amakhala motere:

Mphamvu yoyesera (F): Kawirikawiri, 3000kgf (29.42kN) imagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo chizindikiro chofanana cha kuuma ndi "HBW 10/3000".

Dziwani: Ngati chitsanzocho ndi chopyapyala kapena zinthuzo ndi zofewa, mphamvu yoyesera ikhoza kusinthidwa (monga 1500kgf kapena 500kgf) motsatira ISO 6506-1:2014, koma izi ziyenera kuwonetsedwa mu lipoti la mayeso.