Njira Yoyesera Yamakina ya Nsapato za Brake Iron Zogwiritsidwa Ntchito Mu Rolling Stock (Kusankha Nsapato za Brake za Kulimba Koyesa)

Kusankhidwa kwa zida zoyesera zamakina za nsapato za brake iron brake ziyenera kutsatira muyezo: ICS 45.060.20. Muyezo uwu umanena kuti kuyesa kwazinthu zamakina kumagawidwa m'magawo awiri:

1.Tensile Mayeso

Zidzachitika molingana ndi zomwe ISO 6892-1:2019. Miyezo ndi mtundu wa kachulukidwe wa zitsanzo zamakomezi ziyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za ISO 185:2005.

2.Hardness Testing Njira

Idzagwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi ISO 6506-1:2014. Zitsanzo zolimba zidzadulidwa kuchokera m'munsi mwa theka lazitsulo zoyesera; ngati palibe bar yoyesera, nsapato imodzi ya brake idzatengedwa, 6mm - 10mm idzakonzedwa kuchokera kumbali yake, ndipo kuuma kwake kudzayesedwa pazigawo za 4 zoyesa, ndi mtengo wapakati kukhala zotsatira zoyesa.

Maziko a Njira Yoyesera Kuuma

Muyezo wa ISO 6506-1: 2014 "Zida Zachitsulo - Mayeso a Brinell Kuuma - Gawo 1: Njira Yoyesera" imatchula mfundo, zizindikiro ndi mafotokozedwe, zida zoyesera, zitsanzo, njira zoyesera, kusatsimikizika kwa zotsatira ndi lipoti la mayeso a Brinell kuuma kwa zinthu zachitsulo.

2.1 Kusankhidwa kwa Zida Zoyesera: Brinell Hardness Tester (Zomwe Zalimbikitsidwa Poyamba)

Ubwino: Malo olowera ndi akulu, omwe amatha kuwonetsa kuuma kwathunthu kwa chitsulo chonyezimira (chitsulo choponyedwa chikhoza kukhala chosagwirizana), ndipo zotsatira zake zimayimira.

Ndiwoyenera chitsulo chapakati komanso chotsika (HB 80 - 450), chomwe chimakwirira kwathunthu kuuma kwa nsapato zopumira zachitsulo.

Opaleshoniyo ndi yosavuta, ndipo kufunikira kwa mapeto a pamwamba pa chitsanzocho ndi chochepa (nthawi zambiri Ra 1.6 - 6.3μm ndi yokwanira).

2.2 Mfundo Yoyesera Kulimba kwa Brinell

Mfundoyi ikhoza kufotokozedwa mwachidule motere: Mpira wolimba wa alloy (kapena mpira wachitsulo wozimitsidwa) wokhala ndi mainchesi a 10mm umakanikizidwa pamwamba pa chitsanzocho pansi pa mphamvu yoyesera (monga 3000kgf). Pambuyo kuyeza kukula kwa indentation, mtengo wa hardness (HBW) umawerengedwa kuti uwonetse kuthekera kwazinthu kukana kupunduka kwa pulasitiki. Ubwino wake waukulu wagona pakuyimira mwamphamvu kwazotsatira, zomwe zimatha kuwonetsa mawonekedwe a kuuma kwa macroscopic. Ndi njira yachikale yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuyesa magwiridwe antchito azitsulo.

2.3 Zizindikiro ndi Mafotokozedwe a Brinell Hardness Value

Tanthauzo lalikulu la Brinell hardness value (HBW) ndi: chiŵerengero cha mphamvu yoyesera (F) ku malo ozungulira (A), ndi unit ya MPa (koma kawirikawiri unityo siili chizindikiro, ndipo chiwerengero chokhacho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito). Njira yowerengera ili motere:HBW=πD(D−D2−d2)2×0.102×F
Kumene:

F ndiye mphamvu yoyesera (gawo: N);

D ndi mainchesi awiri (gawo: mm);

d ndi mainchesi awiri a indentation (gawo: mm);

Coefficient "0.102" ndi chinthu chotembenuza chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutembenuza mphamvu yoyesa kuchoka ku kgf kupita ku N (ngati iwerengedwera mwachindunji mu N, fomula ikhoza kuphweka).

Zitha kuwonedwa kuchokera ku chilinganizo kuti pansi pa mphamvu yoyesera yofanana ndi m'mimba mwake ya indenter, kucheperachepera kwa indentation, mphamvu yazinthu zotsutsana ndi mapindikidwe a pulasitiki, ndipamwamba kuuma kwa Brinell; Tikawonetsetsa, m'munsi kuuma mtengo.

Malinga ndi mawonekedwe a nsapato zachitsulo zachitsulo (iron imvi), magawo a mayeso a Brinell hardness nthawi zambiri amakhala motere:

Mphamvu yoyesera (F): Nthawi zambiri, 3000kgf (29.42kN) imagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo chizindikiro chofanana cha kuuma ndi “HBW 10/3000″.

Zindikirani: Ngati chitsanzocho ndi choonda kapena chofewa, mphamvu yoyesera ikhoza kusinthidwa (monga 1500kgf kapena 500kgf) motsatira ISO 6506-1:2014, koma izi zidzawonetsedwa mu lipoti la mayeso.